{"id":39443,"date":"2023-01-18T17:54:56","date_gmt":"2023-01-18T10:54:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/?p=39443"},"modified":"2023-01-18T18:21:14","modified_gmt":"2023-01-18T11:21:14","slug":"user-centered-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/website\/user-centered-design\/","title":{"rendered":"User Centered Design: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 <strong>User Centered Design<\/strong> (Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m) v\u1edbi 5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, 6 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf website t\u1ed1t? H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp theo \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u00edch th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c quan \u0111\u00f3? Li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t trang web m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u00edch cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd y\u00eau th\u00edch. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea1n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m (<strong>User Centered Design<\/strong>) &#8211; sau \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 UCD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng UCD, trong quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf UX s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf website, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e6efff\"><em>Tham kh\u1ea3o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/dich-vu\/thiet-ke-website\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf website chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/a>, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh, th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea1nh tranh hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng Sao Kim t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng UCD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"628\" src=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/User-Centered-Design-Phuong-Phap-Thiet-Ke-Lay-Nguoi-Dung-Lam-Trung-Tam.png\" alt=\"User Centered Design - Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m\" class=\"wp-image-39466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/User-Centered-Design-Phuong-Phap-Thiet-Ke-Lay-Nguoi-Dung-Lam-Trung-Tam.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/User-Centered-Design-Phuong-Phap-Thiet-Ke-Lay-Nguoi-Dung-Lam-Trung-Tam-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/User-Centered-Design-Phuong-Phap-Thiet-Ke-Lay-Nguoi-Dung-Lam-Trung-Tam-768x402.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 <strong>Interaction Design Foundation <\/strong>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a: <em>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m (User Centered Design) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong UCD, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>User-centered design (UCD) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a UCD bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u0103ng t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan<\/strong>: UCD cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li><li><strong>T\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>: UCD gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li><li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed<\/strong>: UCD gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa sau khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00f4ng ty.<\/li><li><strong>T\u0103ng s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: UCD gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>User-centered design (UCD) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a UCD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>T\u0103ng t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan<\/strong>: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Nielsen Norman Group cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo UCD c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cao h\u01a1n (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 85%) so v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo UCD.<\/li><li><strong>T\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Forrester Research cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo UCD c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao h\u01a1n (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 90%) so v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo UCD.<\/li><li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed<\/strong>: Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Cooper, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng UCD trong quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn 50% so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng UCD. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do UCD gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa sau khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00f4ng ty.<\/li><li><strong>T\u0103ng s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Jakob Nielsen cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo UCD c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cao h\u01a1n (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 92%) so v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo UCD.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, UCD c\u0169ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa sau khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. 5 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 4 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 1: Cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tham gia ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n cho h\u1ecd tham gia v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng tham gia ngay t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qu\u00e1 xa v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sai l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 2: \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>UCD y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kinh doanh v\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 3: Nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng Feedback<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1&nbsp; m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 4: L\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bs\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 5: V\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n gi\u1eef m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Xem ngay: 21 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/website\/dinh-luat-ux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt UX<\/strong><\/a> gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e2ng cao tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. 6 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a User Centered Design, h\u00e3y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf UX n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00ean bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a UCD, vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u200d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 1: Focus Group<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Focus Group l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u1eddi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb chung suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh mua h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Focus Group th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a focus group:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac<\/li><li>\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/li><li>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh focus group c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/li><li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh<\/li><li>M\u1eabu nh\u1ecf (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea)<\/li><li>Chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 2: Questionnaires &amp; surveys<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Questionnaires &amp; Serverys l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng h\u1ecfi, kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u00e2p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/li><li>C\u1ea7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ecb<\/li><li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li><li>Cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee1 m\u1eabu l\u1edbn h\u01a1n<\/li><li>Chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 3: Interviews<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u1edf cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n khai th\u00e1c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Interviews:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>T\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/li><li>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/li><li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh<\/li><li>C\u1ee1 m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf<\/li><li>T\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cao<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 4: Usability Testing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Usability Testing (th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng), ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ghi ch\u00fa v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t camera quan s\u00e1t, theo d\u00f5i lu\u1ed3ng click chu\u1ed9t, theo d\u00f5i m\u1eaft (eye tracking), theo d\u00f5i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, thao t\u00e1c g\u00f5 ph\u00edm&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Usability Testing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/li><li>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu (\u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/li><li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li><li>C\u1ee1 m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh<\/li><li>Chi ph\u00ed cao khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 5: Card Sorting<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Card Sorting l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trang web ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Card Sorting th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp n\u1ed9i dung, trang v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, n\u1ed9i dung v\u1edbi nhau, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Card Sorting:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac th\u00f4ng tin, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac website &#8230;<\/li><li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li><li>Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee1 m\u1eabu trung b\u00ecnh<\/li><li>T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 6: Participatory Design<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Participatory Design \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tham gia tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan (nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, v.v.) trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/li><li>N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/li><li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh<\/li><li>Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee1 m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf<\/li><li>Chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1c nhau<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, duy nh\u1ea5t trong khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng UCD. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng UCD v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf website\/ \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hay s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u quy tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m g\u1ed3m 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/li><li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/li><li>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/li><li>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/li><li>L\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc trong UCD:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf UX l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh dung nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng -> Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 User Persona ( ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i end-user th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam Buyer Persona).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"628\" src=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/chan-dung-khach-hang-muc-tieu.png\" alt=\"Ch\u00e2n dung kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng\" class=\"wp-image-6827\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/chan-dung-khach-hang-muc-tieu.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/chan-dung-khach-hang-muc-tieu-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/chan-dung-khach-hang-muc-tieu-768x402.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 <strong>hi\u1ec3u m\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ai<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n User Persona c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. User Persona l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi, xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n, nhu c\u1ea7u, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n User Persona ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o User Persona d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, lu\u00f4n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean, c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ecd v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng trong quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t. Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, gi\u1eef cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/cam-nang\/ux-research\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>UX Research<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; 5 B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/cam-nang\/xac-dinh-thi-truong-muc-tieu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/cam-nang\/hanh-trinh-khach-hang\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a> <\/strong>(Customer Journey Map)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ra c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c trong nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ranh gi\u1edbi cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1edfi l\u1ebd, c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Khi \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>NOTE: Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<span style=\"--tl-form-height-m:747.375px;--tl-form-height-t:642.594px;--tl-form-height-d:642.594px;\" class=\"tl-placeholder-f-type-shortcode_38270 tl-preload-form\"><span><\/span><\/span>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf web, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi User flow, Wireframe c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"770\" src=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Vi-Du-Low-Fidelity-Wireframes-Trong-Thiet-Ke-Web-2.png\" alt=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 Low-Fidelity Wireframes (2)\" class=\"wp-image-38830\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Vi-Du-Low-Fidelity-Wireframes-Trong-Thiet-Ke-Web-2.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Vi-Du-Low-Fidelity-Wireframes-Trong-Thiet-Ke-Web-2-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Vi-Du-Low-Fidelity-Wireframes-Trong-Thiet-Ke-Web-2-768x493.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e3y thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. C\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n wireframe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng Wireflow v\u00e0 Prototype. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng th\u1eadt, gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1199\" height=\"1201\" src=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Vi-Du-Thiet-Ke-Prototype-1.png\" alt=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Prototype - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf web cho c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Cyber Eye (1)\" class=\"wp-image-38831\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Vi-Du-Thiet-Ke-Prototype-1.png 1199w, https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Vi-Du-Thiet-Ke-Prototype-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Vi-Du-Thiet-Ke-Prototype-1-768x769.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1199px) 100vw, 1199px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n nh\u00e1p s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan, v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea9u th\u00f4ng tin ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/li><li><strong>C\u00f3 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, n\u00f3 d\u00e0nh cho ai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: Kinh nghi\u1ec7m <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/website\/thiet-ke-web-cho-cong-ty-cong-nghe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf web cho c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Gi\u00fap h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/li><li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y?<\/li><li>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/li><li>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 hai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, <em>Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i khi h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, <em>Ki\u1ec3m tra theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong khi h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh (nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u) quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111ang l\u00e0m trong khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fang \u1edf l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: L\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong quy tr\u00ecnh UCD l\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. L\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong trang web, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111ang r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, th\u00ec h\u00e3y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ho\u1eb7c cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u00f4n ghi nh\u1edb, &#8220;th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o s\u01a1 khai. Lu\u00f4n l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho b\u1ea1n, tay b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m marketing (WOM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 h\u01a1n WOM c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1. UCD l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0: suy ngh\u0129, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf UX c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ednh \u200b\u200bc\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ednh \u200b\u200bc\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u00e1 nh\u00e2n) l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong UCD, m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3. Thu h\u00fat t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>UCD ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111a ng\u00e0nh tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4. UCD v\u00e0 kinh doanh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh h\u01a1n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y hi\u1ebfm khi d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, UCD y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m t\u1eeb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh sang nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. So s\u00e1nh User Centered Design v\u1edbi Human Centered Design<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>User-Centered Design (UCD) v\u00e0 Human-Centered Design (HCD) l\u00e0 hai quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hai quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>UCD t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li><li>HCD t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi. HCD c\u0169ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/li><li>UCD th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n HCD th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng UCD v\u00e0 HCD c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u0169ng do HCD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Apple t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a h\u01a1n cho h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, trong khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf duy nh\u1ea5t. Cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 UCD hay HCD, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay, h\u00e3y v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. So s\u00e1nh User Cented Design v\u1edbi Design Thinking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>User-centered design (UCD) v\u00e0 Design Thinking l\u00e0 hai quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>UCD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li><li>Design thinking l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi.<\/li><li>UCD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f2n design thinking l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a Design Thinking c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li><li>UCD l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Design Thinking \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, UCD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb Design Thinking, Design Thinking l\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 UCD l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a (\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/cam-nang\/design-thinking-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Design Thinking l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/a>?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. So s\u00e1nh User Centered Design v\u1edbi Fair Design<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m (UCD) v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng (FD) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u01b0u ti\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UCD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u, mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00f4i k\u00e9o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, FD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bv\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>UCD thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (theo nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi h\u1ecd)<\/li><li>Trong khi FD thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. C\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p UCD \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n cho nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p FD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Google Search h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00ean h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p FD \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u1edf tay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ki\u1ebfm th\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ph\u00e1t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng \u00e2m thanh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn d\u1ecbch v\u0103n b\u1ea3n qua ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p &#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1m k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 User Centered Design<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>User Centered Design<\/strong> (Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ea5y doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ti\u1ec1n, h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n<span style=\"--tl-form-height-m:523.594px;--tl-form-height-t:638.969px;--tl-form-height-d:638.969px;\" class=\"tl-placeholder-f-type-shortcode_38565 tl-preload-form\"><span><\/span><\/span>\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed3i k\u1ebft, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng &#8211; Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e6efff\"><em>Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Sao Kim Branding n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/dich-vu\/thiet-ke-website\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf website<\/strong><\/a> n\u00e2ng cao tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p User Centered Design<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Follow c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Sao Kim t\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/blog\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Blog Sao Kim<\/strong><\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/cam-nang\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>C\u1ea9m Nang Sao Kim<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facebook:<\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/saokimbranding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Sao Kim Branding<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Case study Behance<\/strong>:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.behance.net\/saokimbranding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Sao Kim Branding<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>#SaoKim #SaoKimBranding #UXDesign #UCD #UserCenteredDesign<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 User Centered Design (Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m) v\u1edbi 5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, 6 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":39466,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[275],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-website"],"acf":[],"views":1747,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39443"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39443\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.saokim.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}